ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืžืคืชื™ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื

ืชื•ื›ืŸ:

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ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื–ื”

  • ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืขืœ
  • ืžื” ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช?

ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืžืœืื™ื ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ื” ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉื•ื‘ืข ื•ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื™. ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื”ื ืžืœื ืชื•ื•ื™ื ืงืกื•ืžื™ื, ืžื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ืื• ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืกืจื˜ื™ื ืื• ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”. ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžืชื—ื‘ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืข. ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™-ืขืœ ืืœื” ื™ืฉ ื ื˜ื™ื™ื” ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืžื•ื—ื•ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืœืจืขื”. ืœืžื“ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืืžืจ ื–ื” ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืฉืœื™ืœื™ืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื—ืช ื›ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื–ืขืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.

ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืขืœ

ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™-ืขืœ ื”ื ื‘ื ื™-ืขืœ ืืฉืจ ืžืฆื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืฆื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ ื”ืจื•ืข, ื•ื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื•ืชื ื‘ืชืฉื•ืงื•ืชื™ื” ื”ืขืžื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื“, ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื—ืช ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ืฉืœื™ืœื™ ืžื“ื™. ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉื ืขืจืš ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ื ืฆืคืชื” ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื›ื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืœื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ืื•ืžืฅ ืœื‘ื, ืืœื ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ื•ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื” ืฉืœื”ื. ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืขืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื:

1. ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช

ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืœื•ืœ:

  • ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืขื™ืœ

ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™-ืขืœ ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจื” ื•ื‘ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืื ืฉื™ื - ื”ื™ืœื“ ืฉืœืš ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืžืฉื•ืš ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ื• ืœืื™ื›ื•ืช ื–ื•, ื•ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื ื–ืงืงื™ื.

  • ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ื‘ื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ืžื•ืกืจ

ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ื‘ื”ื•ืจืืช ืขืจื›ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื. ื”ื™ืœื“ ืฉืœืš ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ื ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืจืข, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉื•ืืคื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ.

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  • ื–ื” ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ

ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื, ื”ื›ืœ ื ืจืื” ืืคืฉืจื™ - ื”ื™ืœื“ ืฉืœืš ืขืฉื•ื™ ื’ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืืช ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ. ื–ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”. ืื ื”ื™ื ื™ืœื“ื” ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื ื™ืช, ืœืคื ืง ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืคื•ืืจ ืฉืœ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืขืœ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ ืฉืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฉืคื•ืš ืกืคืง.

  • ืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ ืœื—ื–ืง

ืžืฉื—ืง ืื• ืžืชื ื”ื’ ื›ืžื• ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ืžืฉื—ืง ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืื• ืื—ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื™ืœื“ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ืกืžืš, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืื ื”ื™ื ืœื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื” ื›ืš ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™. ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื’ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื™ืœื“ืš ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ื•ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื—ื•ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื’ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื—ืจื“ื” ืื• ืคื—ื“.

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  • ืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช

ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืžืจืื™ื ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื—ืคืฉื• ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™-ืขืœ ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืชื—ืช ื”ืจื•ืฉื ื›ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขืœ ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื™ืื”ื‘ ื’ื ืืช ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ.

2. ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœื™ืœื™ืช

ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืœื•ืœ:

  • ื–ื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืชื•ืงืคื ื•ืช

ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืกื›ื™ื ื›ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืขืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืืœื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ื ืœื—ืžื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ. ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืœืจืขื” ืขืœ ืžื•ื—ื•ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื•ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืื•ืชื ืื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื.

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  • ื–ื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืืœื™ืžื”

ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื ื—ืฉืคื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืกืจื˜ื™ื ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ื”ืžื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืžื—ืงื™ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืจื•ืื™ื ื•ืžืชื‘ื•ื ื ื™ื ื‘ื•, ื•ืื ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขืœ ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ื—ื™ืงื•ื™ ืฉืœื”ื, ื”ื ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื’ื ืืœื™ืžื™ื.

  • ื–ื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืกื›ืŸ ืืช ืฉืœื•ืžื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื“

ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœืžืฉื•ืš ืคืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืจืฉืœื ื™ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืงื•ืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื, ื›ืžื• ืœืงืคื•ืฅ ืžื”ืžื™ื˜ื” ืื• ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœื—ืจื‘ ืžื“ื•ืžื” ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ืขื ื—ื‘ืจ. ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืคืฆื™ืขื•ืช, ืฉืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงื˜ืœื ื™ื•ืช.

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  • ื–ื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื ืžืชืื™ื ืœื’ื™ืœ

ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืžื’ื‘ืœืช ื”ื’ื™ืœ ื ื–ื›ืจืช ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืกืจื˜ ืื• ื”ื”ืฆื’ื”, ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื–ื ื™ื— ืืช ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ืืœื”. ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœื ืžืชืื™ื ืœื’ื™ืœ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืœืจืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื.

  • ื–ื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ ืœื–ื•ื™

ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื™ืœื“ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืœื›ืช ืœืื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื” ืฉืœื”, ื”ืจื—ืง ืžืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ื”ื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืืžื™ืชื™ ื•ื”ื•ื ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื•ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” ืžื“ื™. ื–ื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ ื”ื–ื•ื™.

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ืžื” ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช?

ื›ื”ื•ืจื™ื, ืืชื” ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืกืœืง ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื™ืœื“ ืฉืœืš. ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืš ืœื”ื–ื“ื”ื•ืช ืขื ื”ื™ืœื“ ืฉืœืš ื•ืœืชืช ืœื” ืœื“ืขืช ืฉืืชื” ืžืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ืงื” ืฉืœื”. ืื‘ืœ ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืชื’ืจื•ื ืœื™ืœื“ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ ื•ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืฉื ื™ ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื ืคืจื“ื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืœืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื” ืขืœ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื—ืงืœืื™ื ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืขื™ืœ.

ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™-ืขืœ, ื•ื›ืš ื’ื ื”ืขื•ื’ื•ืช ื”ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•. ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืœื”ืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื™ืจื•ืฃ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืื•ืชื ืขื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช.

ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืงืจื: ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื

ืœืžืืžืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื ืœืžืืžืจ ื”ื‘ื

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